Green Energy Mine Defeat System

ABSTRACT

A semi-continuous duty, Green Technology  14 , robotic vehicle providing protection and security from underground mines. A deflector blade  11  follows natural existing contours to maintain straight line paths, while simultaneously carrying a mine detector  10 , a vertical reciprocating ram set  30, 32  and  33  that preloads soil while also creating forward motion, followed by an energy dissipation, reaction system and containment canopy system  22, 24, 26  &amp;  29.

This application is a Continuation-In-Part of application Ser. No.13/538,068, filed Jun. 29, 2012.

BACKGROUND-PRIOR ART

The following is a tabulation of some prior art that presently appearsrelevant:

U.S. Patents Pat. No. Kind Code Issue Date Patentee 7,493,974 B12009-02-24 Boncodin 5,856,629 1999-01-05 Grosch et al. 6,343,534 B12002-02-05 Khanna et al. 2,005,392 1933-04-18 Remus 4,589,341 1986-05-20Clark 4,519,543 1985-05-28 Szuminski 6,216,740 2001-04-17 Bunya

This invention relates to a solar charging, battery powered, unmannedmine defeat vehicle. Current situations in specific geographic regionsof the world have created a new need for defeating underground mines indesert-like terrain. This vehicle is especially to be used on existingpaths in sand environments worldwide to protect against death anddismemberment, a long-time priority issue and establishes an effectivetool for safe passage and security monitoring and creating secure zones.Both the facts of presence of underground mines as well as theimportance of deterrence and prevention of positioning new mines arewidely available to individuals. The necessity for addressing the issueof travel protection by foot on paths consisting of bare ground is thefocus of the new vehicle as presented. The invention has the advantageof operating with Green Technology only and in areas that do not haveconventional AC (alternating current) for charging or common petroleumbased fuel sources for conventional gas engines.

The unfilled need for defeating mines in environments such as opensfields, village passages and trails between villages has always needed amethod of solution. As the use of mines was common for numerous years,millions of mines are located and placing an equivalent number of humansat risk. Many solar powered vehicles exist but do not comprehensivelyaddress mines. Many methods exist for the protection from mines forpersonnel vehicles. Recent studies have indicated that a new degree ofeffort must be made spent into the success of what is first step todefeat of mines, that of limiting the placement of them. Thus creatingthe benefit of secure areas. Proactive security and containment issimultaneously performed as the vehicle functions to prevent furtherplacements of mines.

In order to connect rural areas for trade, commerce, travel and ensurevillage stability, establishing and maintaining safe pathways is acentral strategic objective. So as to achieve this objective in harshenvironments and terrain this mobile platform facilitates missionsmaking logistically supportable operations to provide security. Thiswill provide a new force element for establishing and for continuedphysical security within and between villages or in developing areas.Integrating existing and future screening programs allows for morecomprehensive and safer processes. In becoming part of the forcestructure, this equipment adds function and strength to achieve currentand future missions. With basic instruction for operation, communicationskills, improvised explosive device detection, biometric identificationand checkpoint procedures the defeat system participates by providingsimultaneous combined activities. The necessity of having a capabledefensive security underlies the ability of a village to protect andsustain itself. Villager and soldier perceptions of security are animportant contributing health factor as the nuance of safety is requiredfor stability and growth in the area. The robot machine would integratewell working forward in platoon and squad sized forces. Additionalconsideration is given toward the positive contributions provided inriot conditions to monitor, assess, contain, capture and controlsituations which are in areas of immediate importance.

Several types of solar vehicles and minesweepers for detection anddestruction of mines are known, each with a disadvantage. Many solarpowered vehicles exist but do not comprehensively address mines. Manymethods exist for the protection from mines for personnel vehicles andutilizing unmanned robots. The previous patent for a solar vehicle U.S.Pat. No. 7,493,974 to Boncodin is for human transportation. Aminesweeping vehicle, U.S. Pat. No. 5,856,629 granted to Grosch et al.is for wide-open spaces. The U.S. Pat. No. 6,343,534 to Khanna et alutilizes many latest methods for detection without a simultaneous inplace trigger and containment system or marking process. The previousU.S. Pat. No. 2,005,392 to Remus addresses the use of a deflector withthe disadvantage of flat surface use only. U.S. Pat. No. 4,589,341 toClark discusses a chute but is for foam use. The U.S. Pat. No. 4,519,543to Szuminski describes nozzles on a jet aircraft. The patent of Bunya,U.S. Pat. No. 6,216,740 acts to only control the manifold operation.

This application is a Continuation-In-Part of application Ser. No.13/538,068, filed Jul. 29, 2012. This invention improvement relates tothe assemblies for use where economy of energy must be achieved for thecontrolled pressure application, dissipation and vehicle stability forthe mine defeat system. There are several elements which are additiveand independent included for various levels of performance. Theparticular machine described in the application is presented in its bestmode for a single pathway clearing system as described in thisspecification. Synergy exists in the assembly of apparatus by firstbeing blast triggered by the closer initial offset distance towards themounted blast plate at the rear of assembly which is strut mounted tothe vehicle platform. The pressure field is relieved and dissipated bythe system of energy absorbing struts, billows curtains and expandingcanopy. The machine reacts rearward and upward as the pressure isrelieved in the pressure wave direction and each side flexible face,functioning as a 3D dissipating containment system.

This equipment clears a minimum, substantial 32 inch wide path, forpersonnel in single file traversing pathways with detection,verification, sensors, surveillance, disarming, detonation, containmentand path marking all in one process. This method of defeating a minekeeps people and personnel at a distance from the hazard withprevention, simultaneously. Pressure wave, fire and fragmentation fromall mines occur within milliseconds of triggering the device and it isnecessary to defeat this type of device from placement to containment,specifically anti-personnel type mines. The one vehicle makes availablethe necessary functions of soft protection methods and direct mechanizedmeans. This addresses the two-part problem of mines, protection frominitial placement while also providing safe detection, removal andcontainment, a combined comprehensive approach to defeating mines.

SUMMARY

It is the objective of the present invention to create a new use for asolar powered vehicle to provide a improved combined compact minedetector, monitor and sweeper and containment apparatus in the mostaustere environments to run without conventional fuel driven power usingonly Green Technology. The vehicle is a battery based DC (directcurrent) motor drive recharged with a solar module attached onto theforward sloping frame. It does not require daily fueling. Introducingequipment that is designed to be small in size and intended to bedurable and cost sacrificial utilizing mechanical and detection meanshaving the advantage of self-contained capabilities. The goals andapproach are solely based on control of spaces at risk to mine placementand provide a cost-effective, high performance solution with knownsurvivability limitations and budget-sacrificial equipment loss and onlylife saving and casualties reduction made as a variables of measuredvalue.

Operation speed and maneuvering including tight turning is afforded bythe fact of equal wheel base to track width yielding nearly a zeroturning radius. Any of the customary control methods are possible,including remote or wired joystick as leader-follower arrangement,satellite, or run automatically on memory-learned pathways for routinepath mine checking.

Common current field practice operating unmanned vehicle involvesavoiding and maneuvering around debris and small stones and rocks, whichlay in a straight-line path between two points of the objective route.In order to remedy this in an efficient condition of operation, analternative method is made available as an option to drive in moredirect pathways. A preferred method of ground preparation is to producea near free of debris surface as possible. As an advantage, a debrisdeflector that has multiple panel segments, which naturally trackdownward onto the existing path cross-section, carries out groundpreparation. The self-leveling debris deflector is counterweighted for anet self-weight of approximately a 3-pound net downward force persegment. The assembly remotely retracts for transportation to site. Theassembly remotely retracts for protection during deactivation attemptsor detonation.

Remote retractable robotic arm is deployed from recessed chamber toexecute disarming when desired. An air tube routed to the deflector basefrom the gas ejection system is a tool for air blasting sand to uncovermines. Optional sensors read incoming path profile and controlsdeflector and probe assembly. The feedback loop created maintains atelemetry system for all ground sensors. Procedure also may includesidestepping mine and installing a flag for the affected area.

For normal conditions, the vehicle travels and a simultaneous areaproofing and containment countermeasure system operates, a newcountermeasure for field use. A specifically arranged configuration andassembly for replicating foot motion and pressure with a compoundarticulating mechanism is employed. A controlled pressure (0 to 30 psi)vertical reciprocating system for mine activation is utilized forpositive soil contact and pressure to be delivered across the width ofthe vehicles pathway. A curtain billows, plate and canopy system fordetonation dampening for expansion is utilized. A secondary fastresponse counter deployment system for canopy ejection is alsopresented.

The various elements that work together or individually in turn functiontogether in an accumulating efficient manner reducing battery loadrequirements to operate the vehicle mechanical functions and computersystems. The components and assemblies are described as a prestage gasejection detector, probe head boot, a strut probe assembly to impart aminimum of downward force, a timed pressure manifold for strut(s) and astrut energy dissipating canopy with chute.

As the prevention of mine accidents is paramount, longer operating timesfor the mine defeat system are preferred increasing daily service time.Each element described contributes to lowering energy demand and/orvehicle stability.

As the vehicle has its vertical probe assembly attached to the vehiclefor clearing mines from a pathway, a strut can be used to provide adownward force. This force is used to drive the reciprocating probewhich has the added potential of drawing dynamic energy from its' speedin impacting the ground. A constant pressure control is introduced in atimed manner through the use of the pressure manifold and relay toachieve the lower reaction force when the probe is not in extension modefor each cycle.

The pressure manifold and relay is located in an area away from thecontainment space. It combines the signaling of the probe head cycle forprobe extension with the opening and closing of volume space in thestrut(s). The function of controlled volume is provided with the primaryfeature of strut rod movement. Additional mine detectors will enhancethe triggering to dissipation process.

The ability of the machine's probing units to move along will beimproved by utilizing carbon fiber or other blast resistant materialwrapped around the base of the probe or shoe acting as a flexible boot.A positioning of a mine detector will allow for prestage gas ejection.The probe head assembly may utilize a control ball knuckle for limiteddirectional range of motion.

The placement prevention of mines is simultaneously done in an activeformat through constant motion and personnel verification using a360-degree turret to create safe-zones, which is a primary focus for allcountries. In each typical village, small areas shall benefit, primarilyvillages and village connecting trails. Rotation of the camera of 45degrees to left and right provides 360 degree of coverage with theturret operational. The majority of mines are delivered and set in placeby individuals or groups who reside outside the community or village atrisk. As an advantage in the self-contained and efficient capabilities,the vehicle is able to continuously perform motion detection andidentification checking, through this simple but new effective datagathering technique.

At the rear of the containment plate are mounted three trailing hooksleft, center and right.

A path marking system for centerline and low spot paint applicator isthe last apparatus mounted.

Green Energy recharging methods may be assembled in various arrays andmodules with concentrating prism lenses to add to the rechargingabilities.

As an improvement accessory, where the surrounding terrain requires abetter traction, the vehicle has the ability of use of additionalflexible tracks to be field installed.

Adjustment for width of path utilizing all or any these devices ispossible for wider or narrower path requirements.

DRAWINGS Figures

FIG. 1 is a perspective schematic view of a green energy poweredminesweeping vehicle according to the preferred embodiment of theinvention.

FIG. 2 is an interior schematic section showing the chassis-body-drivearrangement.

FIG. 3 is a side elevation schematic view depicting the configuration ofthe mine countermeasure system.

FIG. 4 is a rear perspective schematic view of the exterior of vehicle.

FIG. 5 is a rear perspective schematic view of the vehicle.

FIG. 6 is a partially exposed rear view.

FIG. 7 is a plan schematic depicting the Green Energy Thermal ElectricGenerator/Gas Reactor Module.

FIG. 8 depicts one alternative for a gas ejection system.

FIG. 9 is a perspective schematic view of a powder actuated warningflag.

FIG. 10 depicts an isometric view of the electromagnetic charge system.

FIG. 11 depicts the integrated shutter, cartridge cell and TEC assembly.

Drawings - Reference Numerals 1 turret 2 canopy 3 camera 4 slide blackBox 5 rear Blast plate 6 flag deployment system 7 vertical reciprocatingsystem 8 concealed robotic arm system 9 self leveling system 10 detector11 deflector 12 thermal electric chips 13 turbines 14 energy conversionhousing 15 photo voltaic cells 16 wheels 17 chassis-body 18 DC motors 19batteries 20 turret 21 chassis-body 22 gas tank system 23 gas nozzles 24gyro 25 curtain billows 26 rear blast plate 27 mounting rod 28 hingedsliding spline control bracket 29 strut-cartridge 30 foil lever 31control volume solenoid valve 32 vertical reciprocating power-head 33axial actuator 34 charge assembly 35 remote deployable flag 36 open edge37 trigger 38 anchor base 39 powder actuated anchor 40 recoil rod 41optional additional anchor base 42 spring to rod connections 43 pressureactivation lines 44 pressure system 45 apron 46 probe boot 47 probe shoemine detector 48 electromagnetic coils 49 gas cells 50 chute

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

As shown in FIG. 1, is a new use non-conventional sized battery powered,solar charged, unmanned vehicle that is sized so as to create a clearingpath for people travelling on foot. The first apparatus 11 is theself-leveling debris deflector. The primary chassis contains a solarpanel 14 with a high resistant and magnification surface 13. From FIG.2, a vertical interior section view looking down with the four drivewheels 16 can be found. Inside the chassis 17 are normal DC drive motors18, current controller means and the battery set 19. The top of thechassis provides space for an optional bio-fuel power-plant that is notnecessary but would provide added daily service hours that may be ofadvantage. In front of the chassis is an optical camera 3 for close inmonitoring of operation of robotic arm that is stored in a recessedchamber 8 and for warning flag 6 positioning. Above the chassis is astructural frame, which acts to support the green energy module 14. Thispanel is secured to the frame with isolation attachments should an eventcausing toppling occur. The panel surface is damage resistant.

Many types of Green energy sources are possible for energy conversionfor power and recharging in the industry's current technology. Thedifferentiating detail noted in the following method is the aspect ofenergy being created by both solar and gas means for rechargingpurposes. The system is not limited to energy generation by heatreclamation from internal processes. The following embodiments of greenenergy use are described in sufficient detail to enable those skilled inthe art to practice the invention. One or more multi-stage systems maybe used in parallel are contained in a protective housing that is fieldreplaceable as a unit for maintenance or from damage with quick connectframe attachments and energy cables.

The proposed system has the following process to convert both thermaland light energy using sunlight and gas. Contained in a protectivecontainer are several elements which transform energy. The simplest formis the photovoltaic cells which may have a magnification prism or lensfor intensification. These are distributed in the container around allother elements which are of irregular geometry. They provide immediatevoltage from sunlight exposure.

Another electrical generating method contained is a liquid to gas vaporsystem wherein the vaporized fluid is channeled through a turbinegenerator 13. The time controlled heating of fluid to gaseous phase isaccomplished by a set of shutters. A magnification lens focuses sunlightto vaporize the working fluid. One way pressure valves control the flowof fluid in the system from the fluid chamber to the heating chamberthrough the turbine to the vapor chamber for reliquification.

The working fluid may be methanol, ammonia or acetone although otherfluids may be used. The vapor is reliquified in the heat transfer devicefor use in the system again. The heat dissipation device may includeelements such as fins or rods that provide large surface for providingspreading and dissipating heat 12 including volume expansion devices.Other effective means such as capillary channels may be used to improveefficiency for vapor reliquification. The primary effective manner ofphase change rate is to provide a permeable membrane to make anefficient mass transfer process. The process makes use of capillarytransport force acting on the interface of the porous material therebyincreasing the rate of vapor venting and removal of corresponding heatflux. A classical evaporator and condenser system may also provide forto maximize the reliquification process.

An additional method for turbine generated energy is included by theintroduction of either pure gas such as propane by pressure cylindervessels or concentrated solid pellets with known dissociation kineticscan create a reaction cell 49 for daily use. The pellets may be of anysize which maximizes the liquid gas reaction. The pellet would thencombine with an adequate solution and/or catalyst to facilitate the gasexpansion phase in the cell. A series of cells forming a cartridge likeinsert, FIG. 11 is possible for cell by cell depletion having theindividual cells connected into a parallel manifold pipe. Each of thecells having a pressure sensitive orifice disk which ruptures at apredetermined pressure or temperature. Each cell being activated byautomated timed sunlight shutters with magnifier lens. Upon depletion ofthe cells gas concentration, the sunlight shutter is directed towardsthe next full pellet cell. This pressurized gas then passes through theturbine for additional electric charge. In line flow restrictors controlany overpressure. These pure gas methods are utilized by providing aby-pass tube allowing for venting externally away from the evaporatorcondenser process elements.

The total package delivers an effective optimized combined multi-processfor exploiting green energy. The combined Thermoelectric Generator12/Gas Reactor charging system will allow for longer daily use of thesystem.

In addition to the previous discussed energy methods for conversion. Thecurrent state of the art allows for other various methods of conversion.Additional capabilities may be achieved by the use of hydrogen cellpower conversion charging stations. These stations can greatly extendthe network and range of coverage for the individual containment robots.Each station would allow for overnight charging which would make thedaily duty rating increase. The typical station can be a standaloneprotected structure for the power generator and containment robot. Theprimary low demand and low cost continuous refueling requirements wouldbe vessels of water, hydrogen and routine maintenance.

The supporting frame is also a shock cage, which has internallytelescoping cylinders for force dampening. Above the shock cage is theturret 1 which is able to swivel horizontally 355 degrees. The turret 1contains two optical cameras 3, one forward that creates 3D vision whensynchronized with the lower chassis camera 12 and one to the rear forreal time monitoring and motion detection and verification. Motion toidentity security containment and control is accomplished. Thissignificantly protects those registered in the safe zones and residingin the secured areas with personnel and civilians using IC Cardverification. A simultaneous process of motion detection withverification of safe zone identification signals is read by computerhardware in the black box 4. Establishing this security process in anyarea of mine placement activity defends against further mines from beingplaced. The onboard capacity contains the logistics that would assembleinformation into a centralized database for use with and for fieldpersonnel to access this remote mobile vehicle. Information integrationand analysis becomes real time. Verifying ID, document check, andcontrolling a single identification is extremely crucial as the ease ofmultiple identities is wide spread. Selective biometric applicationsinvolving identification cards containing radio frequency capacitytechnology for control movement in secured zones. Modernization programsrely on individual identification cards being required to carry. Thefollowing soft approach abilities for data gathering are presented foruse in an efficient integrated fashion at low cost. Each optical camerais included in a self-contained blast resistant removable black-box 4,one on each side of the turret, which contain operational control andcommunications integrated circuits and hardware. The turret is alsosupported from the rear by the back wall, hinged at the top, foradditional dampening benefit.

The self-leveling and retractable debris deflector 11 is illustrated inFIG. 1. Each panel section is slightly angled from the vertical and fromthe path centerline forward, so as to give a rolling momentum impactforce out and away from the path of vehicle. Each panel segment isconnected by a simple hinge-pin mounted at mid-panel height. The panelsare overlapped so as to create uniform coverage while sloping up or downon the path's surface. From the existing ground surface, tines areplaced which act to catch and clear individual stones larger than ¾ inchround in size. The deflector panel assembly is fitted with guiderollers, which produce very little downward force when not mechanicallycontrolled with a height sensor controlled system. The assembly issupported by two side arms that act to maintain a controlled forwardprojected distance from the chassis and allow for upward rotationretractability when not in use. The total assembly creates aself-leveling effect. Immediately behind deflector panel assembly ismounting table and detection device 9. Within any of the pivot mechanismsections, a net may be contained and remotely deployed by any methodknown in the art. The top of the sensor assembly may have a secondarycanopy mounted over.

The primary countermeasure system is illustrated in FIG. 1 and is a newassembly or unique apparatus for simultaneous triggering and containmentof mines. The three features are shown at the rear of the vehicle. Thevehicle may work in reverse direction where hazards are extremely highto maximize containment advantages. At the rear of the vehicle avertical reciprocating system is shown 7, followed by a containmentplate 5 and covered by a canopy deployment system 2.

From FIG. 3, the rear of the vehicle can be seen. At the ground surface,each reciprocating foot 32 assembly has a determined width, whichapplies the appropriate pressure based upon the range of in-situ soilshear strength present where mine detection is to take place. Theadvantageous feature being created is that the reciprocating systemassembly self-propels itself in two distinct ways. First, the individualline of action is inclined a few degrees from vertical, as a foot does.Secondly, the lower control arm has an axial actuator, which has acontrolled advance throughout the timed cycle of operation. Each foothas a power head that provides a means of rotation and a controlledvariable positive soil displacement, which acts to alter soil at orbelow surface and accomplish the mine trigger objective by simulatingfoot pressure and motion. Accomplishing triggering, ignition or downwardforce may be by any means known in the art which may include, but notlimited to, plasma, rollers and electric inductance or electromagneticmeans.

The modular, preloaded feet with reciprocating probes are signaled tocycle in a timed fashion for maximizing the net downward force. Downwardforce for each assembly is provided by a preloaded pressurized strut 30,supported by a vertical spline control bracket 28, which limitshorizontal range. The configuration of this apparatus is designed toremain in a horizontal orientation for existing ground undulations ofplus or minus three inches and maintain continual ground contact.

From FIG. 3, an improved embodiment may be utilized in the form of adissipating strut and probe assembly for the clearing of mines frompathways. To ultimately reduce the drag for motion and improve vehiclestability, a plurality of elements are utilized to work together or canbe used separately.

In this embodiment for said dissipating struts 30, an improved strutperformance can be realized. Each strut utilizes a control volume formanipulating the amount of gas/fluid to be displaced during extensionand compression. While the reciprocating function of the probes areunder way, the control of downward force is controlled in a cycledmanner from a lower pressure value to a timed and synchronized highervalue. Both values are able to be controlled by the predetermined sizeof vessel and the internal rate of displacement from the rod extendingor compressing when entering and exiting the strut cylinder. The cyclingoperation is activated by the use of an internal solenoid valve 31mounted into the control volume wall which when activated opens andcloses the additional internal control volume within the strut chamber.The cycling timing of the solenoid valves is accomplished by thecomputer or a separate controller which sequences the strut highpressure level with the probe extension.

In another embodiment, a pressure system 44 with accumulator andmanifold has pressure activation lines 43 connecting from thedissipating struts to a timed pressure manifold and relay system whichcombine electrical signals and line energy to open and close manifoldvalve ports, extend each probe assemblies, being branched and controlledseparately to sufficiently cycle the probe extension with high strutpressure in a sequential manner. A controller sends signals to the relayof the manifold and to activate the probes together in a cycled andsequential manner of operation. Activation lines may be energized in anair, electrical and/or hydraulic manner. A combination of the twomethods may be utilized for maintaining redundancy and improvingreliability.

The strut controls the amount of downward force on the probe head. Theoverall assembly may be raised or lowered by rotation through a hingelocated on the spline bracket and may be by hydraulic means. The splineplate brackets may be used independently for each strut and probeassembly or mounted on a single plate. The movable plates and theirpositions have a maximum load rating in the extended down operationposition that freely release upon detonations by means of a breakawaylink, load failure device or other load limiting mechanism that mayincorporate an axial piston or other suitably fashioned device torelieve over-pressure. The primary combined feature is a piston loweringthe hinged plate and upon a specified overload pressure, the platerotates closed and simultaneously slides up for a short distance. Thiscombined mechanism and load path creates a deadening effect for theshort duration of the pressure wave.

As an alternative, another possible arrangement for the probe headconnection and to maintain vertical orientation of the probe action isthrough the use of a modified connection, a spherically seated controlknuckle providing a limited range of rotation. This may allow for moreextended use in the field should damage occur. In this embodiment, thebase of the strut rod is connected in a vertical plane hinged manner,with a slight degree of out-of-plane deflection possible, to follow theexisting ground profile. One embodiment of the connection is to use acontrol knuckle which has a ball or spherical shape connecting to asimilar shaped receiving yoke type socket mounted vertically into thetop or side of the probe head surface. The top of either type ball shapeused is further guided and controlled in a single vertical planedirection with limited angular range of motion in both rotationaldirections, accomplished by having a rectangular opening in the top ofthe socket face and attached to the probe head. The load exerted throughsuch an assembly causes forces to be transmitted normal to the plane,perpendicular to that mounted plane which achieves a desired inherentself-balancing downward force. Said knuckle design may allow for singleconnection to probe head should damage occur to other links. This forgedspindle ball joint has a controlled seat.

The strut assembly may have a critical break-joint design feature tohave a planned strut loss to enhance vehicle stability. The break jointmay consist of a reduced section of the strut rod or an equivalent meansfor high load failure. A plurality of mounted dissipating strutassemblies are possible. Each strut assembly may have a pressure limitvalve or blow-off for relief of pressure in or on the strut housing forrelief activation during the mine event.

To further absorb energy and in order to minimize energy, theconfiguration of certain element may be introduces into theconfiguration of the strut probe head assembly. A unique arrangement ofbenefit may be utilized. The probe head or other triggering mechanismmay be configured so as to have a slightly cupped face facing towardsthe imminent blast point. The effect of concentrating a calculatedpercentage of force through the strut would be directed into the recoilbore assembly. Additionally, a portion of the pressure wave will beredirected. The probe head face plate may have a V shape or other shapeto direct forces. To increase the pressure rise time a layer of viscousmaterial may be added onto the face plate of the triggering mechanism.

The strut assembly having a central rod becomes driven through the struthousing. The strut rod and housing assembly may be conventionally axialin action or be curvilinear and may have a pivot connection. As a methodto slow the instantaneous effect of the blast, the strut rod may be madelonger to achieve a better time of dampening forces. Absorption ofenergy is treated as recoil except the gas or fluid orifice pressureswould be containing the rod force at the end of its travel acting as ashock isolator. The first rod distance traveled acting as a common shockabsorber and after a predetermined overpressure an internal valve wouldopen and the full range of rod travel into a secondary gas or fluidpressure chamber. Any series of orifices, secondary cylinder walls forrelief volume may be used to increase the duration of recoil impulse andabsorb energy and momentum.

The assembly may have a mounted or body formed muzzle for replaceablereaction charges. The charge 34 may be initiated by a direct connectionor signal from the probe of the head assembly to the charge in thebreech upon triggering a mine. The reaction of these charges may be ofvarious sizes and will be directed so as to counteract the upward forcefrom the mine onto the machine. Establishing the exact position anddirection for this feature will be accomplished by those skilled in theart.

The probe head contains the means for providing a reciprocating probeelement. Additional mine detectors will enhance the triggering todissipation process with an advance signal to start. This may be createdby positioning the mine detector sensor on or near to the probe head. Inoperation, as the machine is in motion, a mine detected or located nearto the probe head mine detector sensor 47 sends a feedback loop signalfor gas ejection to start a few moments before the probe detonates themine.

Any type mine detector known to exist and in the art may be attached andlocated in any position on the vehicle which would assist in thedetermination of the specific location of below or above ground mines.Mine detectors are commonly located as close to the ground aspracticable. Guide roller surfaces may be included in the inductionfield circuit. Mine detectors may be added at the base of the deflectorsegments in a variety of connection means such as attachment to theindividual deflector segments and probe head shoes through the use ofsmall connection tables, brackets and shelves as well as a moreruggedized, potentially molded integral assembly, whereby the individualparts, such as but not limited to the deflector plate segments, sensorsor probe head shoes form an integral, composite or adetachable-attachable assembly. The individual mine detector sensors canbe hinged with springs to allow further improved ground clearances,pitch and angle of incidence and be attached by any practicable meansknown in the art including as a slide or snap on component.

The combined elements of probe head, probe head shoe, probe and prestagedetector or parts thereof may be covered for ease of sliding motion overthe ground as well as protection, by a flexible carbon fiber or blastresistant material acting as a boot 46 or jacket element for additionalguarding against sand and foreign elements. The material of the bootshall be flexible to allow for the repeated probe extension cycles.

The attached mine detector mounted on the front of the vehicle locatesmines. As these mines are located, a signal is sent through the feedbackloop and are recorded for relative location which also may includepositioning by satellite in the on-board computer located in theblackbox. The location of the vehicle is converted into data by twomethods. The first is by common GPS positioning. The second is bysurveyed range locators that are read by sensors on the vehicle for gridlocating and stored on the computer. Other means for determining andstoring distance travelled and grid location, along with user remotecontrol exist to those skilled in the art. The blackbox protects theseremote controlled, automatic and guidance control features foroperation. The machine having possession of this information, along withits inherent motion tracking, calculates by means of computer when themine shall approach the rear probe assembly with mine detector. As themachine is working its' way forward or backwards and nears the locatedmine, the gas ejection system is activated at a predetermined time ormanually before detonation. Detonation may be accomplished by any of theknown methods available known to those skilled in the art.

When the mine detector encounters a mine, an electrical signal is sentto the computer for creating a grid location using known range locators.Satellite positioning data for longitude, latitude and elevation isrecorded in the computer. The gas ejection system 22 is started for therelease of gas. The gas may be stored in vessels under high pressure ina protective enclosure mounted to the vehicle. The mine detector sensorsignals the computer via the feedback loop and activates the solenoidvalves or other means of automated valve opening actuation beingelectronically controlled by the detector sensors or the computerlocated in the blackbox. The overall operation of the machine issynchronized by the onboard computer using integrated circuits which maybe remotely operated. Any means of directing gas common to the art maybe used, openings, ports or nozzles 23 to control and direct the flow ofgas upward, such as a plurality of ports, outlets, tubes or nozzleswhich effectively direct the gas jet in the directions desired. Upwarddirected gas shall deploy canopy and have detonation balancing force andhorizontal force to either assist to propel in the forward or rearwarddirection. Control of gas ejection in any direction is controlled by thecomputer or remotely for thrust and exhaust velocity. As an example ofcontrol of gas, a series of electronically controlled automated valvescontrolling the gas in each direction can synchronize the control of gasin the desired directions. Other means of gas ejection exist in the artwhich create sufficient gas ejection and downward force to assist in thecounterbalancing of the machine or vehicle before, during and afterdetonations for improving vehicle stability.

The combined elements of probe head, probe head shoe, probe and prestagedetector or parts thereof may be covered for ease of sliding motion overthe ground as well as protection, by a flexible carbon fiber or blastresistant material acting as a boot 46 or jacket element for additionalguarding against sand and foreign elements. The material of the bootshall be flexible to allow for the repeated probe extension cycles. TheGreen Energy Mine Defeat System improved components enhance theperformance and stability while reducing maintenance time for longerdurations in-service.

In order to improve planar stability, one or more gyroscopes 24 may beemployed. A lightweight disk of sufficient weight may be mounted andspun on the structure so as to resist toppling. The axes of rotationshall be set so as to contribute to maintain controlled lift along withroll and topple forces from the event. The action of starting the gyrowould commence before and reach full speed before the event. Each Gyromay be supported with isolators of viscoelastic materials or othermaterials known in the art. The skilled in the art will adjust theglobal attitude of each gyro assembly to maximize the affect for vehiclestabilization.

Behind the vehicle chassis 21 is a containment blast plate 26,positioned upon status change to encompass the projected invertedconical zone of pressure, fire and fragmentation. Connecting the chassisto the blast plate is one variant of gas-fluid cartridges 29 withstepped release (0-200-800 lbs), which are body to plate connected, usedas a dampening struts. The entire assembly is raised and lowered whennot in use.

In another embodiment, an internal foil lever 30 creating a means ofcombined baffle and absorption are described. Within the stages of shockwaves and fragmentation the rear blastplate is first moved rearward. Inmilliseconds after this action the pressure wave travels verticallyupwards and strikes a plate of normal or curved geometry forming a foiland lever. As the pressure wave impinges upon the foil face it is pushedupward pulling on the connected energy absorbing struts which are inturn connected to the rear blastplate or other containment spaceelement. This arrangement of a foil lever may be organized in such a wayin the containment space in any multiple of times in any suitablearrangement to maximize energy absorption. At the leading face of thesefoil levers may include a suitable face to reduce velocity to subsonicspeeds. The foil angle may be adjusted at any angle to manage forcesthat will contribute to balancing the overall stability of the machine.To assist in this action of flow control, a Lorentz force induced by anelectromagnetic field may be used to improve any lift effect on the foillever.

The billows 25 and curtain 25 are attached and assembled in accordionlike manner on and along the sides of the containment space. The canopy24 is attached in a folded parachute manner. Both are of a blastresistant material such as carbon fiber or better. As the mine istriggered, the blast plate and vehicle are lifted and sent in differentdirections. The blast travel distance is slightly less in distance tothe blast plate 26. Therefore, initially causes a reverse direction ofthe total assembly. Through this action and the gas-fluid cartridges 29,energy is dissipated with a reaction being centrally resisted by themass and size of the reciprocating system.

As those reciprocating system parts that are in ground contact and aboveare broken away as a reaction to the mine detonation, a feedback loop isbroken and a fail safe signal located along the feet is tripped on, whenthe connection is broken. The connecting arms are limit rated and aresubject to the first and highest levels of stress. Upon the signal beingsent to the optional gas ejection system 22, a propelled inert gas andfire suppression 23 system is activated for canopy deployment in anupward and reverse impulse direction. The canopy chute 24 path and speedis maximized upward for containment and canopy deployment from the topof assembly. A conventional set of three trailing hooks, left, centerand right edges of the rear containment plate of the vehicle areemployed to activate underground trigger mechanisms for offset hazardsof aboveground, concealed mines.

In another embodiment, the canopy may have an intermediate or topsection that is modified to mitigate the resulting pressure, fire andfragmentation. In this arrangement a single or multiple series ofrectangular rings consisting of extensible rods, corner bars, and strutsare used to form a strut ring. Other shapes to establish containmentstrut rings such as ovals, triangles, circles, polygons or curvilinearoutlines are also possible. The resultant grouping from pressure wavereactions are established, the corresponding best shape fit which bestdissipates the shock, pressure wave and fragmentation event.

The corners of the rectangle form reaction points. The corners haveconnectable ends which are able to make connection with pressurerelieving struts 49, which may be telescopic. These components may beeither for multiple use or replaceable. The principle of use is that therectangles form a frame that the blast resistant material is connectedonto in a billows curtain 48 method and the curtain is so connected,possibly unevenly pleated, from side to side, so as to slide along thelengths of the rectangle ring sides into a fully expanded manner.Therefore, as the canopy rectangle is propelled upward and subjected toany force, it has the ability to expand and be subjected to the stressand strain in the horizontal plane through the struts along therespective sides and further being contained by the expanding billowscurtain sides. The unfolding nature of the canopy with the rectangularframes with struts included as described have the ability to be stackedin repetition.

As a later stage failsafe method of energy dissipation and to reduce thenumber of elements involved for energy dissipation, a top canopybreakaway section may be used. The principle of locating internalfragmentation baffles before top liftoff would provide a means ofrelieving overpressure with an overall smaller canopy.

A chute 50 may be introduced as a possible arrangement for gas andpressure flow. This chute can be functional by having a side wallopening but with directional control. A chute opening may be placed onany side. The chute is a projectile proof mesh with either horizontal ordownward orientation. Internal baffles as well as tension bands may alsobe incorporated in the internal compartment so as to control and dampenforces as desired. Internal foils and baffles are positioned to have thegreatest effect to collapse, deflect and absorb energy.

A blast gate for any chute may be positioned at the entrance of a chuteor foil. The gate acts as an initial pressure wave brake resisted byenergy absorbing struts mounted to the gate plate and to the containmentspace. The gate orientation may be positioned so as to cause reactionsfrom the pressure wave into the machine so as to absorb or contribute tostabilization. The chute may have a foil inside for reaction from lift.The concept of blast through structure provides for possibility ofminimization of event reaction forces.

In a separate embodiment, a combined complementing element may beemployed for vehicle and machine stabilizing and absorptionrequirements. As the triggering takes place, staged reactions arestarted and the pressure wave comes into contact with the internalmechanisms. In order to further dissipate the energy from the leadingshockwave, a magneto flux sandwich system may be used FIG. 10.

The pressure wave acting upward and outward reacts against any surfacein proximity. The containment space so proportioned with triggeringmechanisms present, create contact surfaces. The net result is to causeinstability and overturning to the vehicle and machine. In aim tobalance all forces, it is advantageous to compensate for these forces. Aseries of high strength conductive plates may be arranged in a sandwichconfiguration for an immediate impulse reaction. These sandwichassemblies may be sized, shaped, arranged and hinged in multiplepositions in the containment zone so as to maximize energy dissipationand deflection. The entire assembly configuration may be fixed or shockstrut connected to the vehicle or machine. Formations imparting couplesinto the frame may be realized.

The system power source may be by an onboard generator and assisted froma gyro fitted for current generation. A current field is generated andwired to the system. The system comprises two or more rigid or semirigid plates with conductive strips, poles 48 or surfaces for providingcurrent field induction. Permanent magnets may be incorporated into theplate surface. Each surface is connected so as to allow limited freedomof movement out of plane as well as in plane, each surface forming aplate that has any array of openings.

The complimentary offset plate or surface has a mated array of openingswhich may contain an inverted or planar opposite set of shaped ducts.The planar angle of each duct may be of any angle so as to maximize theeffect of pressure wave reduction. As a second stage to the system, thesurfaces or plates may be conductive so as create a magnetic field forattractive or repulsive force which may be from permanent magnets orelectromagnetic means. The magnetic field and corresponding magneticflux may be varied and is provided at a desired strength for resistance,opening and or closing and may be area attenuated. The plate movementaction may be actuated from voltage from a capacitor source. The platesmay be layered with dielectric material so as to maximize repulsion andattraction effects. The plates may be held at a distance relative toanother by any mechanical means. Each plate may have any percentage ofsurface area open for pressure wave passage.

In one reaction case, the pressure field strikes the first plate and ispressed towards the secondary plate. As this motion takes place themagnetic field between the two plates is turned on, the plates actinginto the direction of the pressure wave. In another reaction case, asecond plate, having complimentary meshed ducts, is repulsed withsufficient flux density. As the pressure wave impacts the primary frontplate the magnetic field is closed and the plates slam together. In bothcases the opening or closing of the plates with the correspondingopenings and ducts deflects and diverts pressure wave forces. Furtherreaction force can be provided by the use of pressure sensitive encasedcharges at the bottom of each port stub. The total amount of reactionforce can be staged to react to the uplift force encountered.

Leading edges of surfaces and openings may have modified ridges for dragand velocity reduction. A plate may have no openings. A third plate maybe sandwiched for additional deflecting effects. In order to improve theplate deflection characteristics, the use of baffles creating a leadingdrag layer of suitable material strength may be placed in front of theplates. Sensors, pressure transducers and relays may be used to controlany advance or delay required to optimize controlling change of the fluxdensity of the magnetic field in the system.

The combined components in the bottom containment system and the canopytop containment are so arranged to dissipate the energy field withrespect to its vector and by stage of the mine event and respond in apredetermined and controlled manner. A split blast plate with pressurestruts can be used. As is the case with many structures that mayencounter pressure waves, dissipating, collapsible and compressiblemedium in layers may contribute to protection of the intended space andsurfaces or vacuum control volume may be incorporated on the surfaces orwithin the containment space in order to mitigate forces to be resistedor deflected. Each of the absorbing elements and mechanism arepositioned and analyzed in a global vector summary around the machinecentroid to arrive at the best use to resolve the set of forces toachieve overall stability.

A centerline path marking system mounted at the rear containment plateis provided whereby a path centerline is prepared with wheel brush andair system and marking with specialized material/paint at coded spacedintervals. The system also automatically paints low spots and where notproofed, unchecked or for skipped locations.

FIG. 1 shows the warning flag tube 6 mounted on the top of the vehicleschassis. FIG. 9 illustrates the detail for the self-contained, remotedeployed warning flag system. The vehicle carries a remote deployedpowder actuated anchored unfolding warning flag 4 in the top or on theside of the lower chassis body. At this location or mounted onto theside of the chassis a single to several warning flags tubes can bestored. This self-contained function allows the administration ofpossible deactivation or detonation to be controlled in a more efficientmanner in addition to keeping personnel involvement to a minimum formarking the hazard by remotely placing near to located hazards.

The individual flag 35 becomes upright when removed from tube and expandautomatically with the individual sides being of flexible spring-to-rod42 connections. Upon locating the anchor base 38 to its desired locationby the operator, the base is positioned and trigger 37 discharged by theuse of the robotic arm, securing it into the ground by the powderactuated anchor 39 making the flag spiked into the ground. An additionalautomatic trigger for discharge may be used at the far base location 41.To aid in the ability to weather wind conditions, the top and base arevented 36 & 40 open to reduce blow over affect.

Through the progress of technology, the geometry and configuration ofmachine structure and components may be more streamlined and efficient.This process of development may include the energy dissipation, forcebalancing and containment elements being located anywhere in or throughthe structure, possibly within the wheelbase. The methods stated hereinapply science and engineering result in a planned staged dynamichysteresis through a vehicle or machine with mechanisms to trigger,absorb and contain a landmine blast.

The invention has been described with respect to particular embodiments,modifications and substitutions within the spirit and scope of theinvention and will be apparent to those of skill in the art thatindividual elements identified herein as belonging to a particularembodiment, may be included in other embodiments of the invention aswell. The present invention may be embodied in other specific formswithout departing from the attributes herein described. The illustratedembodiments and examples of use should be considered in all respects asexamples and illustrative and not restrictive. The devices describedherein, individually or in combination may be advantageously be fixed asattachments for or onto other vehicles to achieve desired results whichare needed.

I claim:
 1. An apparatus on a vehicle for containing landmine blasts,comprising: a plurality of energy dissipating struts coupled to saidvehicle and a blast plate, wherein said struts are energy absorbing andconnected on one end to said vehicle and on the opposite end to saidblast plate; the blast plate having a blast-resistant expanding billows,with a curtain system and an unfolding canopy mounted thereon, theexpanding billows, with the curtain system and unfolding canopyproviding three dimensional expansion in the event of a landminedetonation.
 2. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a gasejection system that ejects gas following being triggered by a feedbackloop system.
 3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the gas ejectionsystem ejects gas following a break in the feedback loop system todeploy the unfolding canopy and provide downward force.
 4. (canceled) 5.The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: a vertically orientedreciprocating probe, the probe being geometrically controlled by avehicle-mounted controller that controls the probe with a hinged,articulated bracket; and at least one preloaded, pressurized strut thatprovides downward force.
 6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein a bottomof a hinged frame may contain a lower control arm with an axialactuator, wherein the lower control arm may have a controlled advancethroughout a timed cycle of operation.
 7. The apparatus of claim 1,further comprising a plurality of vertically controlled probes.
 8. Theapparatus of claim 1, wherein the vehicle is a robotic, remotecontrolled vehicle.
 9. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: adeflector with hinged plates mounted to the vehicle, the deflectorpivotably mounted with hinge pins, wherein each hinge pin is bearingmounted to the vehicle to provide a pivot axis segment that overlaps toprovide a deflected angle from the vertical adjusting to an existingground surface; the deflector further supported by guide rollers forcontoured movement on an uneven surface.
 10. The apparatus of claim 9,wherein the deflector is further counterweighted so as to diminish theforce of the deflector on the uneven surface.
 11. The apparatus of claim10, further comprising mine detector, wherein the mine detector is selfcontained and mounted behind a deflector in at least one of integrallyattached fashion so as to keep a predetermined minimum distance betweenthe mine detector and the ground.
 12. The apparatus of claim 1, furthercomprising: a turret that houses at least one removable black box, atleast one camera and a data processor, wherein the camera is mounted ina protective enclosure and the data processor provides for at least oneof data transmission, card checking and motion detection.
 13. Theapparatus of claim 1, further comprising: a mine marking systemcomprising the deployment of a marker upon detection of a mine.
 14. Theapparatus of claim 13, further comprising a tube that deploys the markerupon detection of a mine and wherein the marker expands to apredetermined size and shape upon deployment.
 15. The apparatus of claim14, wherein a plurality of markers are housed on the vehicle and aredeployed individually by a robotic arm mounted on the vehicle andanchored to a desired position.
 16. The apparatus of claim 1, furthercomprising: a path marking system mounted on a rear of the vehicle thatprovides an indication of a path over which the vehicle has traveled.17. The apparatus of claim 16, further comprising a sensor that detectslow spots that have not been cleared and a predetermined marking appliedto the low spots.
 18. A landmine blast containment system comprising: avehicle; a strut dissipating blast plate; a blast resistant billows; ablast resistant curtain; and a probe assembly that is verticallycontrolled and that is formed with a hinged assembly of linkages, theassembly of linkages comprising a first pin mounted to a rear portion ofthe vehicle with a spline bracket that controls at least one link in avertical plane, a second pin connected to an adjacent link with areciprocating head and a third pin connected to an axial linear actuatorthat terminates with a ball-type connection at a base of the vehicle;wherein the probe assembly simultaneously reacts with the strutdissipating blast plate and wherein the strut dissipating blast plate iscoupled to the blast resistant and absorbent billows and curtain. 19.The system of claim 18, further comprising a foldable canopy-positionedextension that contains fragmentation and further dissipates energy. 20.The system of claim 18, further comprising: a gas ejection system; a gaspressure vessel; and an electrical feedback loop; wherein the gasejection system and gas pressure vessel are housed in a protectiveenclosure and substantially instaneously release gas when the electricalfeedback loop is broken.
 21. (canceled)
 22. The system of claim 18,further comprising: a deflector with hinged plates, wherein the hingedplates individually pivot through the use of hinge pins and whichcontours to a surface over which the vehicle is moving.
 23. The systemof claim 22, further comprising a plurality of counterweighted rollersthat support the deflector and which decrease the weight of thedeflector on the surface over which the vehicle is moving.
 24. Thesystem of claim 22, further comprising: a mine detector, the minedetector mounted in one of an integral attached manner proximate abottom face of the deflector and oriented such that it maintains apredetermined distance from the surface over which the vehicle ismoving.
 25. (canceled)
 26. (canceled)
 27. The system of claim 18,further comprising: an identification system that scans one of localsignal data, card data and biometric data to determine identification ofpeople in areas proximate to the system and wherein the identificationsystem is mounted in a secure, protective housing.
 28. The system ofclaim 18, further comprising a motion detector.
 29. The system of claim18, further comprising: a path marker, wherein the path marker dispersesat least one of a specialized paint marking at predetermined intervalsunder the vehicle that indicate a path is safe for travel.
 30. Thesystem of claim 29, wherein the path marker provides markings having awidth of about 32 inches.
 31. The system of claim 29, wherein the pathmarker further marks low spots that have not been cleared of landmines.32. The system of claim 29, wherein the marking is coded and can be readto provide any of a plurality of information.
 33. The system of claim30, wherein the vehicle is powered by a green energy source.
 34. Theapparatus of claim 1, further comprising: a strut enclosure having twodistinct internal control volumes separated by an internal boundarythrough which a strut piston extends through; a solenoid valvecontrolling flow between said control volumes; a probe assembly having aspherical ball connection having limited range deflection; a pressuremanifold; a series of relays with communicating activation lines; acontroller for sequencing and timing; and the manifold having a relayfor combining the signals to activate the probe and the strut valvesimultaneously together in a cycled manner, controlled by a computer anda controller to synchronize the operation of said components.
 35. Theapparatus of claim 30, further comprising: a hinged or sliding mountedmechanism: having an attachment plate with hinged or sliding mechanismto said spline bracket; means for raising and lowering the connectedstrut and probe assembly; and means for pressure relieving for hingedspline bracket motion during detonations.
 36. The apparatus of claim 1,further comprising: one or a plurality of mine detectors mounted,attached or forming an integral part near to the base of said probeassemblies for prestage gas ejection.
 37. The apparatus of claim 2,wherein the gas ejection system starts following a prestage signal inthe feedback loop system providing downward force.
 38. The apparatus ofclaim 5 or 18, further comprising: a flexible blast resistant probe headboot cover which covers the probe shoe, probe, a mine detector and/orthe entire reciprocating probe head assembly.
 39. The apparatus of claim1, further comprising: said canopy; a prismatic member frame; a curtainbillows; a series of energy absorbing struts connected within the frame;one or more blast resistant vents with internal baffle; and a chutedirecting exhaust gas downward.
 40. (canceled)
 41. A method of defeatingmines comprising: detecting mines over irregular surfaces; contactingthe mine with a triggering device to produce an explosion to said mine;dissipating pressure waves and containing fragmentation by asimultaneous process whereby, the triggered mine blast and correspondingpressure wave are immediately relieved by a 3D dissipating containmentsystem including energy absorbing struts, blast plate, billows curtainsand expanding canopy mounted to a vehicle, machine or robot; whereinsynergy in said assembly is initiated by a triggering means; andproviding further catchback synergy as the forces and pressure areimmediately reacted to in the pressure wave directions, whereindissipation of the transient blast force, shock wave, pressure field andfragmentation is absorbed by the work-energy spent extending thecontainment system and movement of the vehicle.
 42. The method of claim41 further comprising controlling the exhaust by the use of one or morechutes.
 43. The method of claim 41 further comprising stabilizing theentire system by a prestage reaction controlled gas ejection systemwherein providing downward stabilizing forces from the upward directedjet streams.
 44. An assembly comprising a strut assembly wherein saidstrut has multiple housings for gas or fluid overpressure wherein thestrut connecting rod passes through a set of central pressure rings ofpredetermined resistance for overpressure recoil relief wherein the rodpasses into the adjoining compartment.
 45. The claim of 44 wherein theassembly can pivot about one or more points attached to a frame.
 46. Theclaim of 44 wherein the assembly comprises a gun breech and nozzle fordirecting a charge.
 47. An energy control apparatus comprised of two ormore plates offset by mechanical or electromagnetic fields with offsetdistance and ducted ports, said electromagnetic fields may be partiallyor completely opened or closed by means of switches or relays.
 48. Theclaim of 47 further including a one or more reaction charges attached tobackside of said plate wherein said plate and charge assembly has meansfor triggering.
 49. The claim of 47 wherein at least one plate forms afoil lever within the path of a pressure or shock wave.
 50. The claim of47 wherein said foil lever uses one or more energy absorbing struts. 51.The claim of 47 wherein at least one plate forms a partial or completegate within the path of a pressure or shock wave.
 52. The claim of 47wherein said gate uses one or more energy absorbing struts.
 53. Anenergy apparatus comprising solar, thermal and gas pellet cell energyconversion wherein the gas pellet cells are cartridge prepackaged fordirect installation as a removable unit, wherein all conversion methodsare contained in a installable housing, said housing having at least onecontrollable sunlight shutter system.
 54. The claim of 41 furthercomprising a robotic arm.